Taller de Inglés Avanzado día 6

Litsening and reading about: Shopping Centres: 
http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/general/sixminute/2011/08/110825_6min_english_shopping_page.shtml

Writing and Speaking:


- Where is the best shopping center you have ever been? (*)
- Do you buy more than you need at a shopping mall?
- Where do you by food, clothes, beauty products or cleansing products?




Present Perfect

El "present perfect" es un tiempo que sirve para describir acciones que acaban de suceder en el pasado y que guardan alguna relación con el presente. Equivale en castellano al pretérito perfecto:

I have bought a car.

Yo he comprado un coche: nos indica que la acción de comprar el coche acaba de realizarse.

Si por el contrario utilizáramos el "past simple" esta conexión con  el presente se pierde:

I bought a car.

Yo compré un coche: no implica que la acción haya sido reciente, ni que aún siga teniendo ese coche.

En las oraciones con "present perfect" no se suele mencionar el momento en el que se ha desarrollado la acción:

I have read a book.

Yo he leído un libro: la acción acaba de finalizar.

Ya que si se mencionara el momento de su realización, entonces habría que utilizar el "past simple":

I read a book this morning.

Yo leí un libro esta mañana

No obstante, a veces sí se puede mencionar el periodo de tiempo en el que la acción se ha desarrollado, pero únicamente si este periodo de tiempo aún no ha finalizado:

This morning I have drunk three coffees.

Esta mañana me he tomado 3 cafés: utilizo en este caso el "present perfect" si el periodo de la mañana aún no ha terminado.

Ya que si este periodo hubiera finalizado habría que utilizar entonces el "past simple":

This morning I drank three coffees.

Esta mañana me tomé tres cafés: nos indica que la mañana ya finalizó.

Otro uso típico del "present perfect" es para describir acciones que empezaron en el pasado y que aún no han finalizado:

I have lived in this city since 1980.	He vivido en esta ciudad desde 1980: implica que sigo viviendo en la ciudad.
I have played tennis since my childhood.	He jugado al tenis desde mi infancia: y sigo jugando

Si la acción hubiera ya finalizado entonces habría que utilizar el "past simple":

I lived in this city for 10 years.	Yo viví en esta ciudad 10 años: pero ya no vivo ahí.
I played tennis for many years.	Yo jugué al tenis muchos años: pero ya no juego.

El "present perfect" se forma con el auxiliar "to have" en presente del indicativo (simple present), más el participio (past participle) del verbo principal:

I have listened to the news.	Yo he escuchado las noticias
She has watched TV.	Ella ha visto la tele

La forma negativa se forma con la partícula de negación "not" entre el auxiliar y el verbo principal, y la forma interrogativa se construye con el auxiliar al comienzo de la oración, seguido del sujeto y del verbo principal:

I have not done my homework.	Yo no he hecho mis deberes.
Have you been to Seville?	¿ Has estado en Sevilla ?

Simple Past / Present Perfect

Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the appropriate tenses, then click the "Check" button to check your answers.

1. A: Did you like the movie "Star Wars?"
B: I don't know. I (see, never)  that movie.

2. Sam (arrive)  in San Diego a week ago.

3. My best friend and I (know)  each other for over fifteen years. We still get together once a week.

4. Stinson is a fantastic writer. He (write)  ten very creative short stories in the last year. One day, he'll be as famous as Hemingway.

5. I (have, not)  this much fun since I (be)  a kid.

6. Things (change)  a great deal at Coltech, Inc. When we first (start)  working here three years ago, the company (have, only)  six employees. Since then, we (expand)  to include more than 2000 full-time workers.

7. I (tell)  him to stay on the path while he was hiking, but he (wander)  off into the forest and (be)  bitten by a snake.

8. Listen Donna, I don't care if you (miss)  the bus this morning. You (be)  late to work too many times. You are fired!

9. Sam is from Colorado, which is hundreds of miles from the coast, so he (see, never)  the ocean. He should come with us to Miami.

10. How sad! George (dream)  of going to California before he died, but he didn't make it. He (see, never)  the ocean.

11. In the last hundred years, traveling (become)  much easier and very comfortable. In the 19th century, it (take) two or three months to cross North America by covered wagon. The trip (be)  very rough and often dangerous. Things (change)  a great deal in the last hundred and fifty years. Now you can fly from New York to Los Angeles in a matter of hours.

12. Jonny, I can't believe how much you (change)  since the last time I (see)  you. You (grow)  at least a foot!

13. This tree (be)  planted by the settlers who (found)  our city over four hundred years ago.

14. This mountain (be, never)  climbed by anyone. Several mountaineers (try)  to reach the top, but nobody (succeed, ever) . The climb is extremely difficult and many people (die)  trying to reach the summit.

15. I (visit, never)  Africa, but I (travel)  to South America several times. The last time I (go)  to South America, I (visit)  Brazil and Peru. I (spend)  two weeks in the Amazon, (hike)  for a week near Machu Picchu, and (fly)  over the Nazca Lines.

Since computers were first introduced to the public in the early 1980's, technology (change)  a great deal. The first computers (be)  simple machines designed for basic tasks. They (have, not)  much memory and they (be, not)  very powerful. Early computers were often quite expensive and customers often (pay)  thousands of dollars for machines which actually (do)  very little. Most computers (be)  separate, individual machines used mostly as expensive typewriters or for playing games.

Times (change) . Computers (become)  powerful machines with very practical applications. Programmers (create)  a large selection of useful programs which do everything from teaching foreign languages to bookkeeping. We are still playing video games, but today's games (become)  faster, more exciting interactive adventures. Many computer users (get, also)  on the Internet and (begin)  communicating with other computer users around the world. We (start)  to create international communities online. In short, the simple, individual machines of the past (evolve)  into an international World Wide Web of knowledge.

Song and lyrics

Give Me Everything (Tonight) - Pitbull ft. Neyo, Nayer & Afrojack w/ lyrics on screen & download HD

Jennifer Lopez Feat. Pitbull On The Floor Lyrics

Alexandra Stan - Mr. Saxo Beat (lyrics)

Taller de inglés avanzado dia 5

 Present continuous 

1.- Se utiliza para describir acciones que se están desarrollando en este mismo momento:

I am reading a book.           Yo estoy leyendo un libro (en este preciso instante)
            You are playing football.     Tú estás jugando al futbol

2.- También se utiliza para describir acciones que se están desarrollando alrededor del momento en el que se habla, aunque no necesariamente en ese preciso instante:

I am studying French.    Yo estoy estudiando francés (me he matriculado en una academia, pero no necesariamente en este preciso momento estoy con los libros de francés)

3.- Asimismo, se utiliza para describir una acción que va a tener lugar en el futuro próximo y sobre la que se ha tomado una resolución firme. En este caso, siempre se tiene que mencionar el tiempo en el que se va a desarrollar la acción:

I am going to London next week.    Yo voy a Londres la próxima semana (la acción se va a desarrollar en el futuro próximo y existe una decisión firme por mi parte de llevarla a cabo)

4.- Otro uso del presente continuo es para describir acciones que se vienen repitiendo con frecuencia; en este caso, la oración viene acompañada del adverbio "always" (siempre):

He is always working.    El está siempre trabajando (con el significado de que trabaja frecuentemente, quizás, incluso, excesivamente)

Formación del "present continuous": se construye con el presente del indicativo del verbo "to be", en su función de verbo auxiliar, y el "present participle" ( = gerundio) del verbo principal.

Afirmación                        Negación                        Interrogación
          I am eating                          I'm not eating                     Am I eating?
         You are eating                     You aren't eating               Are you eating?
         He / she is eating                He / she isn't eating          Is he/she eating?
         We are eating                     We aren't eating                Are we eating?
         You are eating                    You aren't eating                Are you eating?
         They are eating                  They aren't eating              Are they eating?

Pracise:

 Write a composition and tell me what are they doing?

1. Hello, Paul!  you  (call) from school?

2. My brother  (rush) home after school every day.

3. What  this word  (mean)?

      4. My father  (work) hard these days.

      5. Where  she  (go)? Doesn't she know we are extremely late?

6. My sister  (not/ watch) TV at night.

7.  he  (talk) to his girlfriend on the phone every day?

8. My mother  (mix) a cheese sauce for the fish.

9.  the kids  (swim) in the pool? No, they aren't. They  (listen) to music.

10. I  (not/ make) sand castles right now. I  (not/ stand) playing in the sand.

11. What  you  (do)? I'm a student.

12.  the Williams  (have) lunch at the hotel this evening?

13. Lucy never  (take) her dog to campsites.

14. We  (travel) abroad in summer.

15. Ann  (work) in a shop, but this afternoon she  (play) tennis.

16. Look at Liz. She  (stand) in the corner. She  (wait) for her boyfriend.

     17. A: What is your job?

 B: I  (work) in a hospital.

     18. How many languages  she  (speak)?

19. What  the kid  (play) right now?

20. Excuse me! I think you  (sit) at my desk.

21. How  he  (come) to work? He always  (take) the bus.

22. I  (not/believe) that you have a lot of money.

23. Teacher: Daniel,  you  (listen) to me? I  (explain) an important subject now!!!

24. I’m so tired! The baby  (not/ sleep) yet. He never  (sleep) at night.

Reading comprehension text with present continuous

 Read the text and answer the questions:

I´m sitting on the beach, eating an icecream, Alice and
Paul are swimming in the sea and Tom is in the park.
He´s playing with a friend. Peter is listening to the radio
and reading.
We´re having a fantastic holiday. Abercwm is a little
fishing village in north Wales with a park, a castle,some
Roman remains and some lovely gardens, and theres a little
fishing port with a lighthouse. Everybody here is really
friendly. I think we´re lucky. This is our second holiday
this year and we´re doing just what we want to do:sleeping
eating and playing games. The food is lovely too.

Vocabulary

remains= ruinas

fishing village= pueblito pesquero

lighthouse= faro

lucky= con suerte

1) What´s the author of the text doing?
    __________________________
2) What are Alice and Paul doing?
    __________________________
3) What is Peter doing?
    __________________________
4) Where´s Tom?
   __________________________
5) Where´s Abercwm?
   __________________________

Litsening:

Future Using "Present Continous" 

Practise: What are you doing at the next weekend?

Taller de inglés avanzado dia 4

Past tense: This video is a tool to explain the rules and the irregular verbs.

1. Forming the simple past tense

With most verbs, the simple past is created simply by adding -ED. However, with some verbs, you need to add -D or change the ending a little. Here are the rules:

Verb ending in...	How to make the simple past	Examples
e	Add -D	live  lived date  dated
Consonant +y	Change y to i, then add -ED	try  tried cry  cried
One vowel + one consonant (but NOT w or y)	Double the consonant, then add -ED	tap  tapped commit  committed
anything else including w	Add -ED	boil  boiled fill  filled hand  handed show  showed

Vocabulary at a restaurant video:

Review:

1.-  Para decir Hay en inglés usamos:

"There is/There are"

Singular:There is

Afirmativa

There is a book	Hay un libro
There is a boy	Hay un chico
There is a table	Hay una mesa

Negativa

There is not a book	No hay un libro
There isn't a boy	No hay un chico
There isn't a table	No hay una mesa

Interrogativa

Is there a book?	¿Hay un libro?
Is There a boy?	¿Hay un chico?
Is there a table?	¿Hay una mesa?

Plural:There are

Afirmativa

There are books	Hay libros
There are boys	Hay chicos
There are tables	Hay mesas

Negativa

There are not books	No hay libros
There aren't boys	No hay chicos
There aren't any tables	No hay mesas

Interrogativa

Are there books?	¿Hay libros?
Are there boys?	¿Hay chicos?
Are there any tables?	¿Hay mesas?

2.-      This, that, these, those

	This = este / esta / esto That = ese / esa / eso / aquel / aquella / aquello These = estos / estas Those = esos / esas / aquellos / aquellas This - That - These - ThoseNormalmente aparecen delante de un nombre, aunque también pueden ir solos- This car is expensive (Este coche es caro). - Who's that beautiful girl? (¿Quién es esa/aquella chica tan bonita?) - Look at these photographs. (Mira estas fotos) - Give me those shoes (Dame esos/aquellos zapatos) - This is a good film. (Esta es una buena película)

 

Uno	Más de uno		¡Cuidado!
cerca  this lejos  that	these  those		Who's that? = ¿Quién es? Hello. This is Craig (on the telephone) = Hola. Soy Craig (cuando te presentas por teléfono)Hello. I'm Craig (when you are introducing yourself) =Hola. Soy Craig (cuando te presentas a alguien en persona)
Pronunciation

   Estudia los Adjetivos demostrativos

      Traduce estas frases (these sentences) al inglés.

Ej.) Este ejercicio no es difícil (exercise/difficult)	This exercise isn't difficult
1. Este piso es grande (flat/big)
2. Estas flores son bonitas (flowers/beautiful)
3. Aquel hombre es feo (man/ugly)
4. (al teléfono) ¡Hola! soy Simon. (Hello/Simon)
5. Esos zapatos son caros (shoes/expensive)
6. Esta respuesta está mal (answer/wrong)
7. Estos libros son viejos (books/old)
8. Aquellos chicos son guapos (boys/handsome)

Litsening and reading

http://www.audioenglish.net/english-learning/english_dialogue_air_travel_reservations_airline_2.htm

Listening and practice the conversation.

Writing

Tell me what there is or there isn't at your favorite restaurant: People, forniture, food...